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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of P. multocida B 2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) in cattle and buffaloes, is considered as the main virulence factor and contribute in the pathogenesis of the disease.
The immunogenic components of the most effective commercially available vaccines are attenuated live cells of C. pseudotuberculosis, which may be mixed with innocuous forms (toxoids) of phospholipase D, the main virulence factor of C. pseudotuberculosis (Meyer 2003).
Beta toxin is considered as the main virulence factor of these strains [50], [51].
Stx is the main virulence factor in STEC strains.
Pneumococcus is a major human pathogen and the polysaccharide capsule is considered its main virulence factor.
The common feature and main virulence factor of STEC is production of stx1 or stx2 proteins.
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Parasporal crystals produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria are the main virulence factors underlying Bt toxicity to insects.
Similarly bacteria, viruses and several parasites (trypanosome, amoeba) also produce protein oligomers as the main virulence factors (e.g. cholera toxin, anthrax) [3].
However, none of other known protective antigens (PT, FHA, Fimbiae 2 and 3) and main virulence factors (Type-III secretion proteins, DNT, TCT, CyaA, TcfA, LPS and Vag8) was identified in the two immunoproteomes or Surfacome and OMV proteome of B.p.
The main virulence factors produced by pathogenic Clostridia are secreted toxins.
The main virulence factors of E.c. carotovora are the plant cell wall-degrading enzymes including cellulases, proteases and pectinases [ 26].
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