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Although participation was voluntary, the overall sample was selected purposively with the aim of achieving a normal distribution of scores across the main study instrument, a test of English structure and reading ability administered in four different formats; firstly as a constructed response, short answer test and later as three multiple choice tests with items in 3-, 4- and 5-options.
A self administered structured questionnaire composed of mainly close-ended questions, and some open questions, was the main study instrument.
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Here we present the rationale for the selection of our main study instruments.
These pilot participants then entered an extension phase in which main study procedures and instruments were tested with this group, so as to resolve any technical glitches prior to deployment with main study participants.
The research team identified four main concepts within the study instrument.
The study consisted of a translation phase including two small pilot studies to assess the content and face validity of the instrument, a main study to assess its concurrent and convergent validity and internal reliability, and a follow up study to assess its test-retest reliability.
The main case-control study instruments were questionnaires for cases and controls.
Each assessment wave is preceded by a longitudinal pilot study, which runs 1 year before the main study is conducted, to test all instruments and procedures.
For each instrument, we chose one main study.
A multi-lingual team re-examined each question for linguistic, semantic and contextual equivalence and recommended translations to the final instrument used in the main study.
The two instruments used in the main study and intervention study covered similar questions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com