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The main pathological characteristic of PD is cell death in the substantia nigra and, more specifically, the ventral (front) part of the pars compacta, affecting up to 70% of the cells by the time death occurs.
The main pathological characteristic of BEN kidney is interstitial fibrosis.
Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are rare neurodegenerative diseases sharing the degeneration of the corticospinal tracts as the main pathological characteristic.
Although there are some reports that Lewy bodies are present in the cells of these patients, the main pathological characteristic of mutant parkin carriers is the degeneration of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons (Lees et al., 2009; Hardy, 2010).
The main pathological characteristic is suspected to be an axonopathy of the longest corticospinal tracts and ascending dorsal columns, but there are only rare neuropathological studies on spinal cord tissue of HSP patients to clearly define structural changes relevant to the disease (2– 4).
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The perfect experimental model recapitulating the main pathological characteristics of AD has yet to be engineered, but available models address a number of pathological AD features allowing to translate human markers to mice.
Although amyloid β protein (Aβ) has been recognized as one of the main pathological characteristics in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the effective strategies against Aβ neurotoxicity are still deficient up to now.
The alveolar structure failure, emphysema are the main pathological characteristics of COPD.
The main pathological characteristics of CS-associated COPD are inflammation along the bronchus and bronchioles, fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy, goblet cell hyperplasia, small airway and vascular remodeling, and development of centrilobular emphysema [ 18].
Main clinic pathological characteristics of the population are presented in Table 1.
The main clinico-pathological characteristics of the population are summarized in Table 1.
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