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As human caspase-2 has been shown to cleave ICAD in vitro (Dahal et al., 2007), we hypothesised that caspase-2 would replace caspase-3 as the main executor caspase and would mediate the cleavage of ICAD and the subsequent activation of P53.
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The major caspase involved in this step is caspase-9, which can cleave itself into the active form within the apoptosome, and then activates the main executor caspase-3.
We collected blood samples at the severe sepsis diagnosis moment to determine serum levels of caspase-3 (to assess the main executor of apoptosis) and CCCK18 (to assess the apoptosis level).
"To his surprise and almost desperation, he learned when the will was opened that he was named main executor," Michael Sohlman said.
TNF-α is one of the main executor inflammatory cytokines.
Caspase-2 replaces caspase-3 and links both apoptotic programs, probably due to its dual activity as initiator and executor caspase.
Furthermore, the activation of caspase-8 as an initiator caspase as well as of caspase-3 as an executor caspase (i.e., cleavage from their precursors to the active fragments) represent critical steps in apoptosis.
These data seem to be in contrast with fat body, where no evidence of executor caspase activity has been reported [ 50, 52].
Next, we measured the activity and cleavage formation of caspase-3, an executor caspase that is activated through both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways [ 18], using PA-1 cells.
To identify the executor caspase linking the TNFRSF1A caspase-8 and CAD P53 axis, we analyzed the activation of caspase-3, which is a hallmark of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
ERK proteins after activation translocate to the nuclear compartment, where they act as the main executor of ERK1/2 biological functions, and channel a diverse array of signals via downstream targets.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com