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In the past, apoptosis and accidental cell death are the main cell death types that have been widely studied [ 18].
Clonogenic cell survival after DNA damage is regulated by two main cell death pathways: interphase apoptotic cell death pathway and mitotic catastrophe [ 16, 18].
Recently, it was found that BSG can mediate both apoptosis and autophagy, two main cell death patterns in human hepatoma cells [ 16, 17].
It is accepted that cell photo-killing (induced in cultured cells) may involve all three main cell death morphologies described, i.e. apoptotic, necrotic and autophagy cell death [ 2].
On the other hand, we corroborated by this technique that necrosis was the main cell death mechanism induced when light dose was increased to 3.6 J/cm (Supplementary Movie 2).
However, U251 cells exposed to different concentrations (25 100 μg/mL) of CCF for 24 h displayed necrotic cell death, which was mainly due to the necrosis population observed by Annexin V/PI assay), while CCF-induced later apoptosis was the main cell death observed in DBTRG-05MG cells, and 0.1% DMSO controls showed no significant necrosis or apoptosis in the different glioblastoma cells.
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The three main programmed cell death mechanisms are apoptosis, necrosis and autophagic cell death [ 26].
Here we consider two main categories: cell death within the circulation and outside of the circulation.
Metastatic inefficiency then can be attributed to two main causes, cell death and dormancy.
Mitochondria are crucial in cell life, as they are the main intracellular source of energy, and have a main role in cell death as they contain molecules able to trigger apoptosis.
Necrosis was examined rather than apoptosis on the tumor cells as the main process of cell death induced by the DCA-loaded electrospun mats.
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