For each event, we test end-member scenarios, considering the minimum/maximum magnitudes assigned to the events in previous publications as well as rupture lengths, which are assumed to correspond approximately to the MSK VIII isoseismal and defined by additional field constraints when available (Table 1; Fig. 3).
For example, earthquake catalogs may include artificial seismicity rate changes (e.g., installation or closure of seismic stations, changes of instrument for seismic observation, and systematic changes in the magnitudes assigned to events) (Habermann, 1981, 1982a, b, 1983 , 1987 , 1991Perez and Scholtz, 1984; Wyss and Burford, 1985; Katsumata and Kasahara, 2004; Katsumata, 2006).
The total surface rupture length of about 28 km, the maximum slip of 220 cm, and the mainshock magnitude of M J 7.3 are all broadly consistent with the fault length, slip, and earthquake magnitude assigned to the Futagawa segment by the ERC, HERP (2013) based upon the length of the segment.
The magnitude, assigned to Epsilon Eridani by Ptolemy, was 3. Epsilon Eridani was included in star catalogues of medieval Islamic astronomical treatises, which were based on Ptolemy's catalogue: in Al-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars ,published in 964, Al-Biruni's Mas'ud Canon, published in 1030, and Ulugh Beg's Zij-i Sultani, published in 1437.
When TiO2 was functionalised with a Co electrocatalyst, the lifetime of photogenerated electrons in the semiconductor is reduced by ≥3 orders of magnitude, assigned to interfacial electron transfer to the molecular catalyst (Fig. 2).
Based upon Tycho Brahe's determinations of stellar positions and magnitudes, Bayer assigned each visible star in a constellation one of the 24 Greek letters.
However, even the largest magnitudes previously assigned to the 1833 earthquake (Mw = 7.7) would require implausible values of afterslip (Table 1), much greater than those previously reported on continental thrusts (considering 60 %+, after the 2005 Muzaffarabad, surface rupturing west of the Himalayan Thrust event (Jouanne et al., 2011) to be a high end-value).
Next, a reward of increasing magnitude is assigned with a high motivational value, and this leads, in turn, to the adjustment of the animal's PER.
For each cell-graph edge, the vectoral sum of these two forces were found and its magnitude was assigned to the edge as the edge's weight.
Moreover, while such analysis is a valuable decision-making tool, the intrinsic difficulty of quantifying social impacts entails that policymakers need to take into account the nature of the costs and benefits as well as their assigned magnitudes.
The volcano sources and assigned magnitude-frequency relationships, including prevailing wind speed and direction derived through NCEP reanalysis. 3.
