These values are given for magnifications of about 20.
Infection with H. tvärminnensis can be assessed via microscopic detection (phase contrast, 400 × magnification) of the typical spores about 8-12 dafterfthe the start of an infection or, in case of vertical transmission, at an age of about 8 days [ 57].
Fluorescence images of about 100 randomly selected nuclei per cell line were taken with a Zeiss fluorescence microscope at 400X magnification (examples are shown in Figure 1a).
Images were recorded using low-dose procedures on imaging plates at a nominal magnification of 67,000× and defocus values of about −1.8 µm (tilted specimens) and −1.5 µm (untilted specimens).
From this focus model, the location of the focal plane, implications about the magnification of the system, and how these factors change with movement of the camera or for different orientations of the planar interfaces can be inferred.
For TEM images, autolysosomes were quantified from over 60 images, each with a field view of about 40 μm2 at a magnification of 2950 ×.
This is based on a morphological analysis of isolated motile spermatozoa in real-time at a high magnification of up to X6600 providing information about both conventionally assessed morphological sperm alterations but also, more specifically, sperm head vacuole presence, size and location, as well as detailed characteristics of shape, acrosome, neck, tail, and other minor sperm structures.
Histological evaluations were performed using light microscopy at a magnification of 40 400 by an experienced renal pathologist without having knowledge about the treatment groups.
Transmission electron micrograph images, made at high magnification, of electrospun nanofibers of polyvinylidene fluoride showed rows of dark dots, separated by about 0.24 nm, along segments of molecules.
