It comprises three subscales for rumination (item 8 to 11), magnification (item 6 to 7, 13), and helplessness (item 1 to 5, 12).
We found a slightly better fit for factor structure with item 6 in the rumination subscale than in the magnification subscale (as in the original model) and with item 1 in the magnification subscale than in the helplessness subscale.
The PCS is a 13-item questionnaire with three subscales: helplessness, magnification and rumination.
The PCS has 13 items and a 3-factor structure: rumination, magnification, and helplessness.
This is a self-administered 13-item questionnaire that assesses three dimensions: rumination, magnification and helplessness.
The items are divided into three subscales; namely rumination, helplessness and magnification.
The PCS is a 13-item self-report questionnaire that comprises three dimensions: rumination, magnification and helplessness.
This is a self-administered scale of 13 items that evaluates different aspects of the pain experience, such as rumination, magnification, and helplessness.
Images were captured at a magnification of 85,000× or 140,000× with a MegaviewIII CCD camera and analyzed with iTEM software (Olympus Soft Imaging Solution).
The PCS is a 13-item self-report questionnaire that comprises three dimensions: (a) rumination, (b) magnification and (c) helplessness.
The PCS [ 50] is a 13-item self-administered questionnaire that comprises three dimensions: (a) rumination, (b) magnification, and (c) helplessness.
