Strong ground motion > 0.1 m s− 1 can excite sloshing with sufficient amplitude to collapse a magma foam in an open conduit or a foam overlying basaltic magma in a closed magma reservoir.
Degassing of water during the ascent of hydrous magma in a volcanic edifice produces dramatic changes in the magma density and viscosity.
In a real volcano, the escape of hot gases from collapsed foamy magma in a closed reservoir could increase heat transfer to the surrounding rock, increase magma pressure, and even trigger an eruption, the team says.
Namiki says that for a typical magma in a 3-meter-wide volcanic tube, a magnitude-7.5 earthquake could cause sloshing-induced foam collapse from as far away as 100 kilometers.
An accuracy of 5% is enough to observe ascending magma in a 100-m conduit in rock with a thickness of 1.6 km.
The distinction between magmatic and non-magmatic unrest involves some subjective considerations because the presence of magma in a volcanic system is obvious.
In the Earth there are a large number of problems that can be described by the interaction of a low viscosity fluid (water, oil, gas, magma) in a permeable (possibly deformable) matrix.
Therefore, the fact that basaltic magma in a volcano on the volcanic front is H2O-rich has fundamental importance in the consideration of mass flux of H2O in subduction zones.
Terry Plank, a geochemist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, New York, and a former postdoctoral researcher in her lab, Philipp Ruprecht, wanted to understand the origin of magma in a famous eruption of the Irazù volcano in Costa Rica that lasted from 1963 to 1965.
Once diamonds have been transported to the surface by magma in a volcanic pipe, they may erode out and be distributed over a large area.
