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To further investigate the mechanism of this phenomenon, we focused on cellular antioxidant and DNA repair machinery induction by IR.
Engagement of apoptotic machinery (induction of apoptosis-initiating receptor CD95/FAS1, upregulation of P53 and P21, downregulation of Bcl-2; Monks et al, 2001; Chua et al, 1999a, 1999b) and detection of DNA single-strand breaks has been observed in responsive mammary carcinoma cells when challenged with benzothiazole analogues (Bradshaw et al, 2000).
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We can therefore hypothesize that the cell ensures its supply of nodal metabolites while it reprogrammes its machinery upon induction of metabolic stress.
Given its pivotal role in late-phase LTP and memory consolidation [19], [20], [23], [35], we surmised that young neurons would not be able to express Arc prior to the formation of the perforant path input and establishment of the postsynaptic machinery underlying induction of Arc, trafficking to synapses, and local protein synthesis-dependent LTP consolidation.
Among the direct targets of Myc are many components of the protein synthesis machinery whose induction results in an overall increase in protein synthesis that empowers tumor cell growth.
For example, in MDCK canine epithelial cells, Snail deregulates the cell cycle machinery by induction of p21CIP1 and reduction of cyclin D1 and D2, thereby effectively inducing cell cycle arrest [ 57].
Likely contributing factors include saturation of the intracellular RNA interference machinery or induction of gene expression by activation of compensating pathway members in response to suppression of others (known to occur among the pocket proteins as well as among the p53 pathway members).
Transcriptome analysis with microarray revealed the achievement of dormant state showing repression of energy generation, transcription and translation machineries and induction of stress-responsive genes.
Inhibition of targets in the cellular protein production machinery led to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and complete ablation of 3D-DTMs.
It might be likely that, the whole machinery of neural induction remains in a proactive state and the withdrawal or the absence of the influence of some factors might be sufficient for this machinery to be active.
On the other hand, we observed that the Ca2+ requirement of LTD induction machinery was altered in the mutant mice, since 10 mM EGTA suppressed LTD strongly in the wild-type mice but only weakly in the mutant mice.
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