Here, we discuss applying this approach to the next level of biological complexity — building synthetic, functional biotic systems by manipulating biological machinery responsible for development of multicellular organisms.
The USSR supplied engineers, scientists and machinery for the development of the country's industries.
These costs are likely to be (i) having sufficiently accurate and robust processes for environmental sensation, (ii) maintaining the genetic and cellular machinery for the development of alternate phenotypes and (iii) co-ordination between different phenotypically plastic traits [ 4- 6].
Importantly, the observed differences in the epigenetic code and transcriptional regulation in P. falciparum and its host will open new avenues for targeting the epigenetic machinery for drug development in malaria as well as other related parasites in future.
One critical machinery for inflammation development is a local chemokine inducer in non-immune cells termed the inflammation amplifier (formerly IL-6 amplifier), which we originally discovered in several disease models including EAE (Ogura et al., 2008; Hirano, 2010).
The limited natural bio-fluorination machinery forms the bottleneck for development of efficient synthetic bio-pathway to produce fluorinated natural products, thus an expansion of the genetic resources of biological fluorination is highly desired.
This study set the foundation for further exploration of the miRNA machinery in peritoneal fibrosis and for development of targeted therapy in PD patients.
In view of the potentially significant role of the DNA repair machinery for more intensive cancer development, it is important to know whether the RAD51 gene polymorphism can account for the appearance of endometrial cancer occurrence.
Thus, a prominent and complex role for the ESCRT machinery during development, cancer and neurodegeneration is emerging.
To avoid this punishment, managers will be tempted into short-termism, slashing investment in research and development or new machinery, for instance, even if that damages their firms' longer-term prospects.
