Customized primary major adverse CV events (MACE) included stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac mortality, acute coronary syndrome, and revascularization procedures.
We examined associations between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular death) or the risk of all-cause mortality in a nationwide Danish cohort of patients who underwent primary hip or knee replacement surgery.
Patients were then followed-up during two years for the occurrence of MACE (cardiac death, stroke, myocardial infarction or myocardial revascularization).
The risk of the primary composite CVD outcome was reduced by 42%95%CI9 63%–63%, P = 0.016) (>Fig. 2 A ) in the original DCCT INT versus CON group, and that of fatal or nonfatal MI or stroke (MACE) by 57% (25 vs. 11 subjects, 95% CI 12 79%, P = 0.018) (Fig. 2 B ).
11 12 The primary end point was the first event of a new-onset major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: composite of any stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) or myocardial infarction).
The primary end point was hospitalisation due to a new-onset major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: composite of any stroke or myocardial infarction).
The PLA2G4A rs12746200 variant also decreased risk of experiencing a major adverse cardiac event (MACE = myocardial infarction, stroke, or death) over 3 years of follow-up (HR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.5 0.9; p = 0.01), consistent with its cardioprotective effect.
In addition, the three end points included in the definition of MACE, namely, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death, do not all reflect the same disease process or effect of statin treatment.
A prior study demonstrated that a low level of circulatory TnI (9 ng/L to 30 ng/L) was predictive of MACE (death, MI or stroke) in patients with T2DM who underwent elective coronary angiography [ 27].
Outcomes were modelled additionally on incident major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE) (death, myocardial infarction, stroke and revascularisation) because MACE served as the intermediate endpoint to model life expectancy beyond the trial time horizon, a common practice in previous models [ 2, 21].
One of these was a meta-analysis of 25 canagliflozin and dapagliflozin trials compared with placebo or an active comparator, involving a total of 17,181 patients and 283 4-point major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (CV death, MI, stroke, hospitalized unstable angina).
