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As shown in Fig. 1, calcineurin inhibition prevents transcription of interleukin 2 (IL-2), a cytokine responsible for T-lymphocyte propagation (Flanagan et al., 1991; Fruman et al., 1992; Kay et al., 1983).
Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging: disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) must both limit unwanted immune responses associated with disease initiation and propagation (as T and B lymphocytes are critical cellular mediators in the pathophysiology of relapsing MS), and also have minimal adverse impact on normal protective immune responses.
Among the immunological factors, orbital fibroblasts and autoreactive lymphocytes play key roles in the initiation and propagation of TAO [ 8– 10].
To test whether DC immunisation was mediated by initiation and/or propagation of tumour-reactive T cells, splenic lymphocytes were assessed for direct lysis of Neuro-2a cells in vitro.
Subsequently, this lesion is stimulated by the release of various chemical factors that enhance the inflammatory response and, finally — depending on the type of aggression — acquired immunity is activated, which, mediated by lymphocyte participation, serves to establish a physical barrier against the propagation of the lesion and to aid repair of the damaged pulmonary tissue.
Although many cell types apparently contribute to autoimmune disorders, lymphocytes are considered to be key effector cells in the initiation, propagation and maintenance of specific autoimmunity.
Radio waves are propagated by a combination of three mechanisms: atmospheric wave propagation, surface wave propagation, and reflected wave propagation.
Finally, we were able to show that PrPc silencing in T lymphocytes accounted for the observed clinical effects through enhanced T cell activation, TCR signalling and propagation of T cell differentiation towards proinflammatory T helper cell (Th -1 and Th -1phenotypes.
Together with T and B lymphocytes and macrophages, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play crucial roles in both joint damage and the propagation of inflammation in RA [ 2].
Vegetative propagation has many advantages.
Or propagation of French culture?
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