These may include, but are not limited to, lung, elements of the vasculature, components of the gastrointestinal tract and male/female reproductive organs.
Xu et al. [11] quantified inhomogeneities in ventilation SPECT images of COPD patients using 50 MBq of Technegas (Vita Medical Limited, Sydney, Australia), measuring the coefficient of variance (CV) in the lung elements.
Each section was divided into 10 sterno-vertebral levels of equal height, as described by Pelosi and colleagues [ 6], obtaining 100 elements per lung, 200 elements per patient.
For this purpose, we measured the extent of epithelial alterations, airway dimensions and the expression of major lung ECM elements and their regulators within the small airway walls of patients with ARDS submitted to autopsy and compared them with control subjects.
Another anti-inflammatory cytokine that is involved as a regulatory element in lung injury is IL-11.
Expression of rBDNF-lacZ mRNA in the heart of rBDNF-lacZ-BAC transgenic mice reported here (with 144 kb region 3′ of the rBDNF contains regulatory elements necessary for recapitulation of endogenous BDNF expression in the brain, heart, and lung, indicating that regulatory elements governing BDNF mRNA expression in these tissues are located within the 207 kb rat genomic sequence of the transgene.
Based on these findings, we hypothesize that the mechanism by which EMT occurs during chronic allergic lung inflammation may include elements important to TGF-β-mediated induction of EMT in both cancer and fibrotic diseases.
Most of the peripheral effects observed at these doses of allergen exposure, as measured by G and H, can be explained as airway closure with some elements of lung heterogeneity, as assessed by hysteresivity (η, data not shown) [19].
cNOS was labelled in alveolar macrophages, endothelial cells and nerve elements from lung tissue.
Time elapsed from primary resection to the first lung metastasectomy comprising 17 elements.
