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The operations necessarily were unambitious and confined to collapse therapy, including thoracoplasty (removal of ribs), apicolysis (collapse of a lung apex and artificially filling the space), and phrenic crush (which paralyzed the diaphragm on the chosen side); to isolation of the area of lung to be removed by first creating pleural adhesions; and to drainage.
After 9 weeks of chemotherapy, the tumor in the left lung apex shrank, pneumatization was observed in the left lower lung field, and pericardial effusion was reduced.
All patients were imaged from the lung apex to inferior liver edge, covering one or two bed positions depending on the combined lengths of the lung and liver.
Note the focal zones of atelectasis (in particular at the left lung apex); right: after 20 min, the lungs were markedly enlarged and congestive; edema fluid fills the tracheal cannula.
Open image in new window Fig. 5 Low-dose CT images show both an increase in size and density of a scar-like lesion of the left lung apex, consisting of a lung adenocarcinoma.
The last diagnosis constituted a remarkable case in which a registered nurse who had no prior ultrasound experience and had never picked up an ultrasound probe previously was mentored to detect the subtle and tiny PTX which was denoted by clear delineation of a lung point at the lung apex.
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In the current study, we investigated the distributions of regional aeration and ventilation at the lungs' apex, hilum and base during PSV and BIPAP+SBmean using CTdyn in experimental ALI.
The total lung volumes (apex to base) were scanned.
Transverse sections (5 μm) were obtained by cutting the lungs from apex to base and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin (Sigma-Aldrich, St . Louis MO, USA).
CT analysis was performed on the entire lung from the apex to the diaphragm as described previously [ 18].
Thin-section slices, each 0.625 mm thick and spaced 1 mm apart, covered the complete mouse lung from the apex to the hemidiaphragm.
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