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LS events were inferred column-by-column, so it was possible that only part of an IR would be considered lineage-specific.
This was important because, with large number of species, multiple overlapping LS events are not unusual, and in many cases they can be unambiguously disentangled (the are effectively independent).
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As the scale ratio α increases, less and less L events are generated by cascade-up, and more and more L events are generated by their own nucleation.
(b) The number of S events normalized by the number of L events.
The number of the cL events out of the total number of the L events is indicated in each panel.
For α ≥ β, large earthquakes that span Patch L (L events) may be initiated by large nucleation (LL) (Figure 5).
Large (L) events are initiated by large nucleation (LL), by dynamic cascade-up rupture growth (cL), or by delayed cascade-up (dcL), which directly follows a preceding precursory small (pS) event.
Too small α causes almost all the L events to be initiated by cascade-up, but the signal from Patch S is difficult for us to recognize as a discrete small preceding wave.
Too large of an α will cause most of the large earthquakes to be initiated by their own nucleation; we no longer obtain a cL event with α = 5 at least within our simulated history worth of 20 cycles of L events (Noda et al. 2013a) (Figure 2). Figure 16 Moment rate and acceleration for cL.
Given a D T L reconciliation, we define the cost of α, denoted by c, as the sum θ d + τ t + λ l, where d, t and l are respectively the number of D events, of T and T L events, and of S L and T L events in α.
In particular for the transfer events, this constraint allowed us to limit the number of cases where the true evolution contains a sequence of consecutive transfers where non-transferred genes are lost (i.e. a sequence of T L events).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com