The below equation can be used as a low approximation of the behavior factor (R) (Chopra 1998).
If the threshold λ is too large, the low approximation set will be empty, while if the threshold λ is too small, the boundary area will be powerless.
For both low and high value of the thermal length characteristic parameter, the DTM convergence in four significant figures at relatively low approximation orders: the first fourth terms of the Taylor series is sufficient.
A comparative study of results is also provided at the end and various benefits of the proposed algorithm like computational efficiency, accurate representation and low approximation error are highlighted.
In contrast, dissimilar PFMs yield low approximation errors.
For instance, the sequence data associated with marker 'C' in Figure 4 exhibited an extremely low domain hit coverage (FSU: >0.95) paired with a low approximation error (FDU: <0.2).
We showed this for an example system where parameter variations of four orders of magnitude around values from literature were not able to cause a low approximation quality [ 3].
Therefore, both linear and power low approximations hold locally in a small vicinity of the operating point u0.
We compare CFBS against OTAB [10], which is known to have the lowest constant approximation ratio to date.
In that context, the lowest order approximation N="1 has the form of solving a transient problem in a resistor/capacitor network, a so-called pipe network.
