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This polymer had lower interactions with blood components than the unmodified PEI.
The value of this minimum depends on interactions: it decreases with lower interactions and can become practically zero in the absence of interactions.
The results showed that the diblock copolymer-based polyplexes showed lower interactions with serum proteins, lower cellular uptake and very low gene expression in both Hep G2 and Hela cells in comparison to statistical copolymers.
The predominant characteristics of these copolymers that have been reported include solubilization of hydrophobic drugs, sustained release, selective targeting, and lower interactions with the RES [ 2, 4, 5].
In order to lower interactions with the extracellular matrix, we created BMP2 ligands lacking the heparin binding sites (so-called coreBMP2 variants, see Methods section).
This behavior is consistent with stronger physical interactions among P++ bacteria due to their high-pilus density, lower interactions among P+ bacteria due to lower pilus density, and intermediate interactions at the interface between P++ red and P+ green.
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Despite the much lower interaction cross section at these energies, experiments show a radiosensitisation effect nonetheless (Butterworth et al. 2013).
The different types of membrane formulation in contact with a higher concentration of MHH adsorption solution showed lower interaction in the active adsorption sites.
It can occur due to lower interaction of layer with surface and the increasing of micro-cracks and defects in the structure.
In addition, D- and L-diastereomeric peptides exhibited lower interaction with zwitterionic eukaryotic membrane and showed the significant membrane damaging effect to bacterial cells.
The docking experiment showed that all mutants had a suitable pattern of interactions, with similar or lower interaction energies compared with the native protein.
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