It is found from Equation 8 that the shear deformation lowers the critical compression force of buckling in comparison with the classical Euler solution.
If one-view DBT is to be used in mass screening, advantages such as reduced compression force and lower radiation dose can be gained.
The experienced workers tended to adopt a consistently deep squat at lower heights (≤50 cm) and a more erect posture with stiffened arms at higher heights (≥70 cm), resulting in lower L4/L5 disc compression forces and shoulder moments than in novices, respectively.
When collapsed across age groups, compression force was significantly lower in Hands-Only CPR (416 ± 22 N) than it was in 30:2 CPR (455 ± 22 N).
An iLoad Mini load cell (Loadstar Sensors, USA) monitored compression force as the plunger was lowered down the well at ~0.5 mm/min.
This may be due to the different principles involved in compression and penetration tests: in the compression test, only compression force is involved, whereas both compressive and shear forces are involved in the penetration tests.
For younger subjects, mean compression force in Hands-Only CPR (458 ± 29 N) was significantly lower than in 30:2 CPR (488 ± 29 N).
For older subjects, mean compression force in Hands-Only CPR (374 ± 33 N) was significantly lower than in 30:2 CPR (458 ± 29 N) and in 30:2 CPR younger subjects (488 ± 29 N) delivered significantly more forceful compressions than did older subjects (458 ± 29 N).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00116.014 10.7554/eLiFigure16.015 Figure 7. Fluctuations of the compression force (upper row), the actin curvature (middle row) and the fraction of attached myosin heads (lower row) during 20 s of the simulation, for three different ATP concentrations (pst=0).
