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Although the concentration of CRG was the same as that of SP-HRG, it exhibits a much lower absorption coefficient due to its poor dispersibility in water.
A material composed of Si (0.8) and Ge (0.2) achieved higher refractive index and lower absorption coefficient than pure Si in most of the visible region.
Essentially, the main effect resulting from direct and indirect bandgaps is the absorption coefficient, where a direct bandgap provides a high absorption coefficient and an indirect bandgap leads to a lower absorption coefficient.
The difference in the volume fractions of SL and SRSC nc-Si does not explain these differences in the absorption spectra, and nc-Si does not seem to play a significant role in optical absorption in the high-energy regime because of its lower absorption coefficient in the high-energy regime compared to amorphous Si or amorphous Si alloys [29, 30].
This lower absorption coefficient would cause less UV-C lightoto be absorbed by the treatment medium, meaning that the same UV dose would have more bactericidal effect in the chicken broth than in the apple juice [ 8].
The grayscale of the resultant absorption contrast image acquired under a slightly defocused setting was reversed to demonstrate the lacuno-canalicular network (Fig. 3(b)), revealing that the darker region exhibited the lower absorption coefficient.
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However, they show clearly that bulk data result in much lower absorption coefficients than measured powder spectra.
Transmission measurements of thin plates result in much lower absorption coefficients than measurements of powders embedded in PE pellets and may provide more reliable absorption index data.
Indeed as can be seen from Figure 4e, the structures with smaller P of 200 and 400 nm have high transmittance at a longer wavelength of λ > 600 nm, attributed to the lower absorption coefficients at these wavelengths and the thin Si absorbing layer.
Stimulation and ablation fluence thresholds were determined for several wavelengths between 2.1 and 6.1 μm; wavelengths with lower absorption coefficients had larger safety margins, while those having high absorption only stimulated at energies above the damage threshold.
Dyes with cyanoacetic acid acceptor display superior photovoltaic properties though with shorter absorption maximum and lower molar absorption coefficient compared with dyes with rhodanine acetic acid acceptor.
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