Sentence examples for low-cost substitute from inspiring English sources

The Internet can replace brokers because it provides a fast, low-cost substitute way to sort information.

In the pretreatment, DMSO was found to be a low-cost substitute of up to 70% ionic liquid to enhance the cellulose dissolution.

It has attracted the attention of scientists and engineers for a long time with regard to their application as a low-cost substitute of garnet ferrites in several devices.

It arouses great interest to seek for ample and low-cost substitutes to meet the need of upcoming large-scale productions.

Though Pt for the functional role fulfills requirements of CE, such as good transparency, excellent electrical conductivity, and electrocatalytic ability, researchers are still struggling to seek for low-cost substitutes for its high cost and scarcity [5 7].

From the engineering point of view, the ground system can not only be developed as an effective supplement to the ILS in the high-level airports, but also make low-cost substitutes of ILS within specified scenarios.

Since Grätzel's group found that cobalt sulfide (CoS) has excellent catalytic activity for the iodine-based redox couples [12], great efforts have been made to exploit abundant low-cost substitutes for Pt, including metal sulfides, nitrides, and carbides [13 16] Unfortunately, to date, these reported catalysts can hardly compete with Pt in the performance of DSSCs.

The natural diurnal thermal signal potentially provides a low cost substitute for artificial tracers in estimating RAPS retention times.

Gelatin constitutes a low cost substitute of soluble collagen but gelatin scaffolds so far have shown generally low strength and suture retention strength.

In this study, strategic enhancement of neutral lipid without compromising with biomass production was achieved in marine Chlorella variabilis by supplementing the culture with triacylglycerol pathway intermediate, citric acid (1 g L−1 pure and 0.5 g L−1 orange peel extract as a low cost substitute).

A critical question surrounding the Keystone XL debate is whether rail can serve as a low cost substitute for the massive tar sands pipeline.