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Due to the low transformation efficiency of mycobacteria, the two plasmids were transformed into M. smegmatis sequentially and selected on hygromycin and kanamycin.
In the long term, owing to their higher growth rate, the transforming population gradually out-competes the non-transforming type.With a high compared to a low transformation rate, although transformation generates more bacteria of genotype 1 in the frontline of the population, the bad genes effect also becomes more pronounced and this outweighs the benefit of transformation.
Because the mus81 Δ yen1 Δ diploid grows very slowly and has low transformation efficiency we were unable to generate sufficient Ura+ Ade+ transformants for meaningful analysis.
In contrast, all missense mutations failed to manifest transforming activity, with the exception that BIRC3(C319Y) showed a low transformation potential in vitro but did not generate tumors in vivo.
However, none of these techniques can be used in wheat due to the large genome size and very low transformation efficiency which pose a technical challenge to produce the number of transformants needed to saturate the wheat genome.
Its favorable properties include low transformation stress, high reversible strains and small hysteresis.
The theory, latest concepts and practice for the design of such low transformation temperature (LTT) filler alloys are considered.
However, one of the major bottlenecks in the genetic manipulation against Nannochloropsis sp. is low transformation efficiency.
In the limit of low transformation rates the new method degenerates to the well-known local equilibrium condition.
Application of Low Transformation Temperature (LTT) consumables in welding is a recent approach to increase the fatigue strength of welds.
The results provide new evidence on the temporary cessation of bainitic ferrite formation at abnormally low transformation temperatures.
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