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We then performed hierarchical clustering and observed that while RNA quality was a major influence, consistent structure could be seen within the high and low quality groups, so decided to remove this effect statistically.
Using t-tests (p < 0.01), the expression patterns of 102 ESTs were significantly different between high and low quality groups.
40 extreme lines in the FF population with respect to dNDF were selected to represent two contrasting high and low quality groups (Table 2).
Using hierarchical cluster analysis based on the EST tree, distinct expression patterns between high and low quality groups were found for most ESTs included on the Forage Quality Array.
Out of 102 significantly differentially expressed ESTs between high and low quality groups (Table 2), four ESTs encode enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis, CD970581 (Cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase), CD973094 (Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), BE051493 (4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like protein), and CF243853 (Caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase).
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Nutritional treatment resulted in significantly higher baseline corticosterone concentrations in the low quality group at day 17 (Table 1; Fig. 3 a, b) but there was no such effect at day 35 (Table 1).
This may be explained by qualitative (the low quality group received protein rich supplementation) and quantitative (1∶3 seed:husk ratio of a daily seed ration) differences between the applied nutritional treatments of the Spencer et al. (2003) and our study.
The studies were divided into a low quality group (score < 4) and high quality group (score ≥ 4) (Table 2).
Fertilization, embryo development and clinical pregnancy rates were significantly different between the high and low quality group.
The dNDF mean and SD of the low quality group was 52.34% and 2.12, and 62.30% and 1.32 in the high quality group.
23 24 Poultry was placed in the low quality group because when the method of preparation was reported, it was most consistently reported as fried.
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