This trait had also the lowest proportion of variation explained by the F2-genotypes (19%, Table 4).
In our study, each SNP that was associated with trait variation explained a low proportion of variance (PVE ~ 1.25%), which significantly differed between the two study sites.
This is evident by the AMOVAs, where a relatively low proportion of genetic variation was partitioned among colonies on a reef (14.74% for M. faveolata, 13.81% for M. annularis; Table 2).
A significant pattern of isolation-by-distance was detected (P < 0.001), although this pattern explained a low proportion of the variation in the data set (R = 0.111).
However, this logistic regression model with only ADL impairment had a weak discriminative ability (c-statistic of 0.578) and only explained a low proportion of the variation in mortality (maximum rescaled R = 0.028) (Table 5).
However, the identification of QTL underlying complex traits have proved to be very challenging due to gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, low proportion of explained phenotypic variation for each locus [ 22, 23], the large number of QTL, and many additional sources of variation [ 24].
Each significantly associated polymorphism explained a low proportion of trait variance, even though 50% exhibited significant correlations between allele frequency variation and climatic factors of population origins.
The AMOVA reveals a relatively low proportion of the total genetic variation is found between the two species and genetic divergence associated with ecological processes is often characterized by intermediate divergence with ongoing gene flow [ 87].
The pattern is very similar to the one found above by the beta- and the correlation coefficient: in Costa Rica, circumstances explain the lowest proportion of the variation in own educational attainment, which implies a higher chance of intergenerational mobility.
This low proportion of patients tested for EGFR status may explain the observed variations in results.
