Exact(16)
Two recent reports linking maternal PTSD and low offspring cortisol prompted us to examine the relative contributions of maternal vs. paternal PTSD in the prediction of PTSD and other psychiatric diagnoses in offspring.
In a small sub-sample we found that higher maternal circulating total homocysteine (tHcy) predicted low offspring birthweight [ 10].
This inbreeding depression is often manifested as low offspring survival [ 3], reduced fecundity and fertility [ 4, 5], or decreased resistance to diseases and parasites [ 6, 7].
We also found that high sperm velocity was associated with low offspring mortality, but not with the size of the offspring or their yolk volume.
Several studies have reported that low offspring birth weight is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in either or both parents (5– 10).
Perhaps a more plausible explanation is that the low offspring production in these crosses represents a postcopulatory-prezygotic (PCPZ) mechanism, rather than a postzygotic one.
Similar(44)
In contrast, on low quality food, all cross types where a P-individual was involved (i.e. M × P, P × M, P × P) had higher RS, whereas M × M crosses had the lowest offspring production on average.
Compared to low LG offspring, high LG offspring displayed decreased dendritic complexity, reduced spine density and decreased amplitude of spontaneous postsynaptic currents.
Of nine genes showing significant differences in gene expression between High and Low LG offspring, all were significantly more expressed among High LG offspring (Fig. 1c).
Plasma IGF-I concentrations were lower (P<0.05) in low purebred offspring than in the other three calf groups.
Lean to fat tissue ratio tended to be greater (P=0.08) in high than in low HA offspring.
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