Respondents were classified into three socioeconomic status (SES) groups using the Index of Relative Disadvantage (IRSD), 4 which ranks postal areas on a continuum of high-to-low disadvantage, taking into consideration characteristics including income, education, occupation and housing.
§ Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and based on postcode of residence, with five ordered categories (fifths of the distribution) scored with consecutive integer values from 1 (highest disadvantage) to 5 (lowest disadvantage).
The low SES (high disadvantage) group comprised people in the bottom 40% of ranked postal areas; the mid SES group included people who lived in areas with an IRSD score between 41% and 80% of ranked postal areas, while the high SES (lowest disadvantage) group lived in areas with an IRSD score between 81% and 100% of ranked postal areas.
Although spread betting offers the lowest disadvantage, you must have the iron discipline and endurance to weather the inevitable perfect storms of huge ups and downs.
For example, black jack has one of the lowest disadvantages for the gambler, at a rate of.5%, assuming that the players "play by the book".
For the selected contaminant, the kinetic scheme shows that the low-energy disadvantage in the low-pressure lamp reactor can be compensated by the fact that the radiation field is more evenly distributed throughout the fluidized particle bed.
Communities with low socioeconomic disadvantage were the least deprived.
Our findings which showed a slightly higher rate of undiagnosed diabetes in areas with a low socioeconomic disadvantage are consistent with the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) study in the US A which confirms that undiagnosed diabetes is more prevalent in middle class, men and younger population.
8 Continued smoking in pregnancy is associated with social disadvantage, low income, low education level, mental disorders, domestic violence and low levels of support.
27 The index was developed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and consists of four variables that reflect or measure relative disadvantage, including low income, low educational attainment, high unemployment, and low skilled occupation; it has been used extensively in public health research.
