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FTND Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence P for difference is examined by analysis of variance or chi-square test * Back-transformation of log-transformed data Of all subjects, 153 (33.4%) were heavily dependent on nicotine (FTND score>= 7), whereas 87 (19.0%) had low dependence (FTND score< = 3).
We opine that Glaeser et al.'s (1992) formulation is better suited for our study, for its simplicity and low dependence on the above mentioned variables.
It is a robust and easily implemented tool with relatively low dependence on the number of parameters.
Sterling's fall and Britain's relatively low dependence on manufacturing exports are the main reasons.Britain's public finances, however, are on some measures the worst of any rich country.
Even if sanctions were to inflict damage on the North Korean economy – which has exceptionally low dependence on foreign trade – the only victims will be common North Koreans, who will just suffer more.
Writing in the Guardian, Korea specialist Andrei Lankov argued that "even if sanctions were to inflict damage on the North Korean economy – which has exceptionally low dependence on foreign trade – the only victims will be common North Koreans, who will just suffer more".
The simulated results demonstrate that arbitrary splitting ratio and low optical loss for both TE and TM mode can be easily achieved, with a low dependence of wavelength and polarization.
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Specifically, DSM-IV inhalant abuse and dependence diagnoses did not appear to divide problem inhalant users into discrete groups with high abuse-low dependence and low abuse-high dependence symptom profiles.
c) Low-dependence: no need for help with the previously mentioned four ADLs, but need for help with heavy household chores.
Current smokers were divided into low-dependence (0 3 scores) and high-dependence (4 10 scores) according to this scale [ 6].
16 The Heaviness of Smoking Index uses time after waking to first cigarette and number of cigarettes smoked per day to form an index from zero to six, with higher scores indicating higher levels of nicotine dependence (0 2=low dependence, 3 4=moderate, 5 6=high).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com