As such, several solutions were proposed to reduce the inherent losses dominant in metamaterials which involve replacing metals with highly doped semiconductors [19] or superconductors [20], or to compensate losses by integrating metamaterials with optical gain medium [21, 22].
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of support loss, the dominant loss mechanism, in center-supported micromechanical disk resonators operating in their radial bulk-modes.
In the high-energy regime (100 MeV), where the electronic energy loss is dominant, sputtering is found to be maximum.
Over 150 years of intense river engineering has radically altered the morphodynamics of the Upper Mississippi River System, with island loss a dominant trend and restoration efforts underway.
On the other hand, parasitic loss is dominant in low current cases, as the electrodes spend more time at higher voltages.
In the case of low energy (32 keV) ions, where the nuclear energy loss is dominant, sputtering is less as compared to medium energy (1.5 MeV).
This result is consistent with our previous study on Sc4Zr3O12 and Lu4Zr3O12 under displacive radiation environment in which the nuclear energy loss is dominant.
Irradiation of the mesoporous nanocrystalline zirconia thin films with 70 MeV iodine ions, for which electronic energy loss is dominant, resulted in slight changes in phase composition and virtually no change in crystallographic parameters as determined by Rietveld analysis.
Coral reefs have declined rapidly over the past three decades, due in large part to the loss of dominant reef-building corals [1], [2].
Although this invasive tree enhances habitat for some wildlife species, the resulting loss of dominant native riparian woody plants such as Populus spp. and Salix spp. reduces the habitat of cavity-nesting and insectivorous birds (Olson and Knopf, 1986).
