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Mr. Obama's answer for reconciling those impulses, short-term spending and long-term austerity, has been hard to sell.
In an age of long-term austerity, Labour cannot afford to remain a virtual policy-free or cuts-free zone if it is to regain power nationally.
The spreads had risen on Tuesday after Fitch Ratings said it was maintaining a negative outlook for Portugal's sovereign credit ratings while it analyzed the government's long-term austerity plan.
Mr. Obama might have done more to make short-term stimulus — like further reductions to the payroll tax, which would would not have violated the Republicans' ostensible goals — the price for long-term austerity.
The problem, as the British government is finding, is that even a fall in the deficit from 11% of GDP to 9% counts as contractionary policy; but one can't go on with deficits of 11% of GDP for very long without losing market confidence.Here there is a lot to be said for combining long-term austerity plans (raising the pension age) with structural change.
The 2013 budget plan released Thursday is meant to help carry out a sweeping long-term austerity package outlined by Mr. Rajoy in July, which is aimed at reducing the central government's budget deficit by 65 billion euros, or $84 billion, over two and a half years.
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And serious analysts now argue that fiscal austerity in a depressed economy is probably self-defeating: by shrinking the economy and hurting long-term revenue, austerity probably makes the debt outlook worse rather than better.
He argued: "For our economy to reach its full potential and to avoid the long-term damaging austerity cuts in funding across Scotland's public services then the route to change that is to obtain control of Scotland's resources.
"You have to think about the long-term costs of austerity," Ms. Queisser said.
In a damning report, Oxfam says that previous crises in Latin America and Asia point to serious long-term damage if austerity measures remain in place.
Winning an intellectual argument on the economy is not the same as sustaining the political reputation for economic competence: most voters in Europe fear the consequences of long-term stagnation and austerity.
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