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Long-standing interactions during our evolution generated a homeostatic and mutualistic relationship between the host and its microbes.
Such long-standing interactions established multiple mechanisms, which ensure a commensal or even better a mutualistic co-existence in the gut (Neish, 2009).
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The long-standing interaction between S. aureus and the host during persistent infections can have severe consequences for an ongoing immune response.
If the political influence of emigrants can be observed during elections, social protests, or calls for greater transparency or reform, this influence is the result of the permanent and long standing interactions migrants maintain with their family and friends.
These interviewees felt that the local knowledge of subjects and PIs, long-standing informal interactions with these PIs, and consequent trust and IRB "comfort" are important.
Numerous long-standing and complex interactions have developed between TEs and host genomes, as a result of an arms race or of molecular domestication.
The data series on cocaine and heroin possession offences in NSW provide an illustrative example of the use of the heroin shortage natural experiment to confirm a long-standing theory of interaction or competition between these two markets.
There is also long-standing evidence for an interaction between NO, cGMP and acetylcholine in the brain that remains poorly understood (reviewed by de Vente, 2004).
In this respect, two long-standing hypotheses stand out.
To create successful mobile persuasion experiences, designers need to design interactions that are long-standing and comfortable.
Controlling the solid-state behavior of molecules through the use of weak interactions is a long-standing goal of supramolecular chemistry.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com