In a conversation in 1960 with the French biologist Francois Jacob, Dr. Crick and Dr. Brenner recognized the long-puzzling identity of the messenger chemical, now known as messenger RNA, that distributes copies of the genetic information in the cell's nucleus to the protein-making apparatus in the cell's periphery.
The finding helps explain the long-puzzling paradox of why animals crouch and bounce as they run and may change how researchers model animal locomotion.
The long-puzzling remains of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, for example, discovered after the AIT was developed, suggested practices that are similar to those of contemporary Hinduism, undercutting the belief that Hinduism was a religion imposed from the outside into the subcontinent.
So it has long been puzzling that exercise, in which extra energy is expended, is good for health, not bad.
It has long been puzzling that the MTN-projecting cells do not form a regular mosaic, because morphologically a single type of RGC, the ON DSGC, was assumed to project to the MTN.
Although these observations have long been puzzling, we can now understand why MPF from starfish behaves as it does.
That the same ligand can have opposing transcriptional and biologic effects has long been puzzling, but recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of steroid receptors has shed light on this paradox.
The effect size of QTLs and polymorphisms identified by association mapping can vary and even differ in direction in males and females, a fact that has long been puzzling (Mackay et al. 2009).
SNP-based analysis at hundreds of independent loci across the entire genome, as done here, may serve to re-evaluate long-standing puzzling patterns of speciation and hybridisation in several bird groups, such as other waterfowl, galliforms, hummingbirds and woodpeckers [ 7], as well as in many other organisms where species pairs exhibit unusually high levels of hybridisation.
