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In the previous work published by Tymofiyeva et al, a conventional MS TSE imaging technique with high spatial resolution of 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.35 mm and a rather long echo time of 12 ms has been applied.
This includes that acquisition parameters are tailored such that potential meniscus tear can be detected, e.g. by having long echo time (TE) acquisitions for better fluid sensitivity.
These gradient-echo sequences are acquired with a long echo time (TE) in order to take full advantage of the magnetic susceptibility phenomenon.
Spectra obtained by univoxel spectroscopy at long echo time (TE = 135 ms) showed an increased level of choline (Cho) peak at 3.2 ppm.
SWI differs significantly from a T2*-weighted GE sequence: it is based on a long echo time (TE) high-resolution, flow-compensated, three-dimensional (3D) GE imaging technique with filtered phase information in each voxel.
A free-breathing 3D high-spatial-resolution fast spin-echo sequence with a very long echo time (TE) and a voxel size of 1 × 1 × 1 mm is used.
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Sensitivity to susceptibility effects increases, progressing from fast spin-echo (SE) to conventional SE to gradient-echo (GE) sequences, from T2-weighting to T2*-weighting, from short to long echo times and from lower to higher field strengths.
In particular, MRCP obtained with long echo times on T2-weighted MR images may help to demonstrate the pancreatic ductal systems and detect small pancreatic tumors.
Multiple substructures in the cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, and cerebellum were resolved at 30 to 40 μm in-plane resolution and 200 to 300 μm section thickness as well as for relatively long echo times of 65 to 82 ms.
Using long echo times carries no advantage in practice, because of a lower signal-to-noise ratio [ 3].
However, to detect USPIO-induced signal dephasing in spin-echo acquisitions, long echo times (∼100 ms) need to be employed, at the expense of the image SNR.
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