Attention with reverse logistics networks has increased during the last decade since their economic impact has been increasingly important and as environmental legislation has been becoming stricter.
The communication, information and logistics revolution has increased the speed and density of transactions while their growing complexity and dependence on information infrastructure and process centers has increased the returns to the owners of the information hubs, be they Google or Bank of America.
Over time, the degree of integration has increased and tri-service headquarters, logistics and training institutions have supplanted many single-service establishments.
Marine logistics has become increasingly important as the amount of global trade has increased.
Their use has increased remarkably in recent years, owing to the growing importance of the logistics services in the context of the global economy.
Prompt payment of customs dues by logistics companies on behalf of their clients and paperless transit have increased tax revenues and reduced government corruption.
As natural disasters have increased dramatically and intensity over the past three decades, investment in better logistics and infrastructure systems would not only save lives but also billions of dollars annually.
Since the mid-1980s, eCRFs have increased data quality and completeness by using alarms, automatic completions and reminders [ 11, 12], reducing losses and transport logistics, especially for multicenter trials [ 13].
In recent years, Reverse Logistics has received increasing attentions in supply chain management area.
Historically, logistics has had an image problem.
