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A number of logicians notably Thomas, Geach, Lemmon, Meredith and Kripke took an immediate interest in Priorean modal logic, in particular his Diodoran system and his system Q, a multivalued logic admitting the existence of contingent beings.
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These apprehensions do not arise in the case of modal logic, which may be defined, in the narrow sense, as the study of logical necessity and possibility; for even quantified modal logic admits of a complete axiomatization.
As mentioned in Subsection 4.4, Hodges (1997a,b) showed that slash logic admits of an alternative, compositional semantics.
On the other hand, IF logic admits a self-applied truth-predicate – a property that first-order logic notoriously does not enjoy.
The only known proof (Specker's) of the axiom of infinity in NF has too little constructive content to allow a demonstration that INF (NF with a constructive instead of classical ambient logic) admits an implementation of Heyting arithmetic, but opinion is divided on whether or not this tells us that INF is significantly weaker than NF.
Thus the method of supervaluations allows one to retain all the theorems of standard logic while admitting "truth-value gaps".
A little known historical narrative may shed some light on the economic logic of admitting a 'swarm' of refugees.
The Logic of Admitting Large Number of Refugees This example of the positive impact of refugees on host societies is not unique.
It is important to realise that the cost-effectiveness estimates reported in this paper are only valid "on average", and thus these figures are not aimed at changing the clinical logic of admitting or rejecting individual patients.
Monadic second-order logic is the subsystem of second-order logic which admits only quantification over concepts, not over (polyadic) relations.
A logician will know him as one of the creators of the algebra of logic including the logic of relations; quantification theory (on the usages of "every... ", "no... ", and "some... "); and three-valued logic, which admits a third truth value between true and false and may know him also for his two systems of logical graphs, which he called entitative and existential.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com