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Allegations of corruption and abuse of public office dog Abdul Taib Mahmud, Sarawak's chief minister, finance minister and planning-and-resources minister, who is believed to have firm control over the granting of logging licences.
Logging used to be a small-scale affair by locals, but in the past decade outside merchants have moved in with modern machinery and bought up logging licences from communities which have collective title.
The team, which financed itself from the sale of confiscated wood, captured almost six times as much illegal timber last year as the ministry had when it acted alone.This angered some loggers, but the real problems started when the government hired Société Générale de Surveillance (SGS), a Swiss company, to administer logging licences in return for a tax on legal sales of wood.
"Logging licences were issued before the transitional government came to power last year," says Serge Rainaivo, a close political ally of the president and a minister in the transitional government.
Federal police have arrested dozens of officials for trafficking in fraudulent logging licences.
They may make it hard to obtain logging licences and other permits, either through incompetence or spite, or they may invent new ones for fun.
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Some will have bought the required licences off other loggers and altered the documents so as to suggest the wood came from an area where a logging licence was granted.
Yet we also see customs and police officials bribed, logging and hunting licences forged, and poachers and wildlife traffickers set free due to obstructed prosecutions.
The draft Policy recommends the Government require logging companies to establish these plantations as part of their licence agreement.
"In mid-1993 it was announced that the Government had granted a Malaysian group of companies a licence to log 70,000 m3 of timber annually on Espirito Santo, Erromango and Malekula (compared with previous licences of 5,000 m3 for all holders).
Across more than 7m hectares – an area equivalent to the Republic of Ireland – licences for the same concessions have been allocated to as many as four palm, pulpwood, logging or coal mining companies at a time.
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