It is not possible to recommend one type of locking solution rather than another (saline, heparin, citrate).
We studied biofilm characteristics in patients with and without catheter-related bloodstream infection, accounting for catheter locking solution (citrate 4% or heparin 1 1,000).
We report our experience of catheter-associated emboli in patients dialyzing with a twin catheter designed with multiple small side holes in combination with a hypertonic citrate locking solution.
Catheters with multiple side holes are susceptible to seepage of the catheter locking solution through the side holes and therefore may be at greater risk of catheter thrombus formation.
This is the same locking solution that laptops have had for ages, and while the cable lock will not stop a serious klepto, it will prevent causal walk-offs.
Data on the influence of the locking solution (heparin, NaCl, citrate, ethanol) on dysfunction are scarce and essentially concern end-stage renal failure patients or venous access at the jugular site [184 186].
Nonetheless, heparin locking solutions are also widely used around the world, and a large-scale comparison of citrate locking solution, heparin locking solution, and saline locking solution is essential if the value of citrate locking solution is to be assessed in a cost-benefit analysis.
The volume of heparin used as the locking solution will be equal to the luminal volume.
Evidence to date supports the safety profile of rt-PA as a catheter locking solution.
4.2.7 It is not possible to recommend one type of locking solution rather than another (saline, heparin, citrate).
The result of the principal outcome was in favor of the use of the citrate locking solution.
