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Next, by means of statistical transformation of the homozygosity weighted by loci index, we determine how heterozygosity contributes to population growth in Soay sheep by modelling individual contributions to population growth (pt(i)) as a function of several covariates, including sex, weight and faecal egg count – a surrogate of parasitic nematode burden in the gut.
Although the 3′-most coding region tag of MaSp1 is identical among all three loci (Index 0, Figure 3), the sequences of downstream tags are unique and can therefore be used to compare locus-specific expression levels.
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This problem corresponds to solving the linear system (1), where x i is an element of the vector X, j is the locus index, a ji and b ji are elements of the matrices A and B respectively, and N 0 is the set of all non-negative integers.
(DOCX 17 kb) Additional file 2: Locus per locus fixation index (Fst) and gene flow (2Nm) among 2 distinct sampling populations of H. irregulare, both from Latium, and from 3 populations of H. annosum from various regions of Northern and central Italy, including Latium.
However, many studies have revealed that eQTLs can be identified for some GWAS risk loci (testing index SNPs or SNPs in high LD with the index SNPs); in these cases, the association of the SNP and expression of nearby genes was identified in a trait or disease-specific manner [ 72– 72].
Another technique which corrects for heterozygosity at each locus, given allele frequencies, is the homozygosity weighted by loci (HL) index [18].
Third, we examine how individual heterozygosity, estimated using the normalised homozygosity weighted by loci (HL) index, contributes to population growth in the unmanaged population of Soay sheep (Ovis aries L). in St Kilda, Scotland.
Using a statistical transformation of the homozygosity weighted by loci (HL) index, we show that the relative importance of heterozygosity in Soay sheep population growth differs markedly between sexes and age-classes.
To test for multilocus linkage disequilibrium (i.e. non random association) among the 7 MLST loci the index of association IA and the slightly modified statistic rBard were computed using the Multilocus version 1.3 software [54].
To estimate individual heterozygosity across the selected panel of markers, we employed three distinct measures: multilocus heterozygosity (MLH; [19]), standardised heterozygosity (Hs; [7]) and the homozygosity weighted by loci (HL) index [18].
In several loci, such index SNPs also influence methylation levels of nearby CpGs.
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