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We were hoping to review the literature and accumulate a large number of examples to determine sweeping evolutionary generalizations such as whether natural selection results in, for example, the evolution of locally adaptation, of increased competitive ability, or of better dispersal.
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However, while it is commonly assumed that most plant populations are locally adapted the generality of local adaptation in plants and whether and how it is influenced by specific species, population and habitat characteristics is not clear.
The recognition of discreteness among multiple locally adapted populations required only that local adaptation had an independent evolutionary origin.
A potential constraining effect is the erosion of local adaptation by the influx of locally maladaptive genes.
Local adaptation of the parasite occurs on a population level and the locally adapted parasite harms sympatric hosts more than allopatric hosts [31].
Local adaptation is, therefore, reinforced over generations so that mixing with locally avirulent populations is avoided.
Specifically, we test the local adaptation hypothesis, that is that herbivore abundance will decline with increasing phenological difference between introduced and locally native oak provenances.
In this study, we tested whether plants are locally adapted to their soil biota by carrying out a reciprocal transplant experiment in the greenhouse; a recommended approach to examine local adaptation [32].
Trade-offs in the ability to locally adapt are central to the theory of adaptation to heterogeneous environments.
Turner et al. (2010) performed a GEA study, where they investigated whether Arabidopsis lyrata is locally adapted to serpentine soil, by mapping the polymorphisms responsible for such adaptation.
Demonstrating that there is the potential for local adaptations to evolve does not necessarily imply that the populations currently actually are locally adapted.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com