MCAK mutants in which the Aurora B phosphorylation sites have been mutated to phospho-mimicking residues no longer bind to MT plus-ends in interphase (Honnappa et al. 2009; Moore et al. 2005), suggesting that MT plus-end localization of MCAK could be a good readout of local Aurora B activity.
For the readout, a local front-end with 64-channel Analog Pipeline Chips (APC) has been employed.
Here we report a new genetic strategy that exploits epigenetic male-specific mosaic eye colour as a simple phenotypic readout for local MSL activity amenable to modifier screens.
Whereas methylation at pattern 2 DMRs may represent a more permanent inactivation with subsequent heterochromatinization of developmental gene loci, pattern 3 DMR methylation may serve as a dynamic readout of local transcriptional activity.
This result is therefore consistent with our suggestion that bAPs can provide a readout of local extrasynaptic glutamate rises, be it from synaptic activity (Rusakov and Kullmann, 1998; Zheng et al., 2008), or through astrocytic (Jabaudon et al., 1999) or ectopic dendritic (Duguid et al., 2007; Shin et al., 2008) release.
Trains have started arriving at the local station again – a digital readout displays the radiation level over the ticket counter.
Alternatively, expression of different sets of HOX-genes may reflect a positional identity as differential HOX-gene expression within the genitourinary system has been described previously [ 59, 60], or be a readout of the local balance of developmental morphogen signaling.
Thus, both shaft and spine NMDARs can also sense extracellular glutamate that is transiently elevated as a result of local synaptic activity but require a readout signal, such as the bAP, to be activated.
In addition, blocking TNFα leads to effects on multiple readouts, both systemic and local, including serum biomarkers also useful as biomarkers in RA: MMP3 and acute-phase proteins.
A de-centralized readout scheme where only a local environment around the light excitation is readout supports high-count rates.
