The more lateral the loading line intersected the knee, the more pressure was redistributed laterally.
According to literatures (Liu et al. 2007), a constant tensile stress in the horizontal direction is generated along the loading line, which forces the specimen to fail in tension along the loading line.
As modelled in Fig. 4b-C, a tensile crack is initiated at the centre of the specimen and then propagates along the loading line (Fig. 4b-D).
This observed variation can be explained by studying the accompanying PC loading line plots.
An additional advantage of multivariate image analysis is the possibility to interpret PC loading line plots for a possible chemical or physical explanation.
Loading line plots for principal component (PC) 1 and PC2 explained variation between the different Fusarium spp. as scattering and chemical differences (protein production), respectively.
The loading line plot of PC2 explained this contrast due to variation in the N H stretch first overtone (1,430 nm) and the CONH stretch second overtone (1,918 nm) [ 52].
This was confirmed by means of the loading line plot of PC1, showing a typical shape similar to a mean spectrum which indicated a difference in scattering properties between the different growth stages (Fig. 4d).
In an era of popular agitation for social reform his campaign for maximum load lines for ships to be written into law became a "milestone in the progress of people power".
The power transfer distribution factors and weighting factors are used to determine the order of restoration paths, which can enable the load to be picked up by lightly loaded lines or to relieve stress on heavily loaded lines.
