Key informant interviews, conducted both before and along with rural household surveys, elicited detailed information about rural livelihood experiences for the survey questionnaire development, and provided a contextualized backdrop for the analysis of survey data.
Higher probabilities of observance imply better levels of health and livelihoods experienced.
When their land is expropriated, peasants lose their means of livelihood and experience changes in their social relationships, thereby significantly affecting their QOL.
Since the 1980s, vast lands have been brought under rice cultivation; many of these areas in addition to other agriculture-based livelihoods have experienced difficulties due to increased salinity stemming in part from the expansion of seawater shrimp cultivation.
Women thus experience different livelihood trade-offs because of their different roles and gendered livelihood activities.
This case study has reported on pastoralists' perceptions of, and experiences with, livelihood transitions in Laikipia.
The experiences of livelihood insecurity for these individuals may, in part, explain why they are not or did not remain in care, but such populations were rarely included.
During the study period these populations depended on farming and fishing for their livelihood [16], [27] and experienced high mortality and fertility due to the lack of modern medical care and contraceptive methods.
H3 Both overall mortality and the impact of temporary migration on mortality have declined over time, as temporary migrants and permanent residents have experienced better livelihood opportunities, including an increase in health outreach, especially antiretroviral treatment (ART) roll-out.
Hardest hit are those who spend a significant proportion of household income on food, those with limited opportunity to diversify their livelihoods, those who already experience the risk of becoming malnourished and those who lack formal and informal social safety nets to support them.
