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These farms had an annual mean sow live mass-specific emissions ranging from 62 g d−1 AU−1 (AU = 500 kg live mass) to 120 g d−1 AU−1.
This however presents a problem on how to obtain an accurate measurement for the live mass.
These farms had annual mean live mass-specific emissions of36 g d−1 AU−1 (OK) and 104 g d−1 AU−1 (NC).
In such a case, the live mass of the force transducer, i.e. the mass as 'seen' by the structure in perpendicular directions must be measured somehow, so that compensation methods like mass cancelation can be performed.
In a self-calibrating iterative method, both the live mass and calibration factor are determined, but this paper shows that the problem may be ill-conditioned, producing misleading results if certain conditions are not met.
In a freshwater tidal marsh on the Hudson River, standing (dead) mass in approximately April was similar to standing (dead plus live) mass in late June (Krause et al. 1997).
For example, substantial improvements were achieved in pigs per sow per year (annually +0.25) and the feed conversion ratio (annually −0.009 to −0.070 kg of the dry matter intake per live mass gain kg) during recent decades.
Nematodes need even less nitrogen than protozoa, between 10 and 100 times less than the equivalent live mass of bacteria, or between 5 and 50 times less than the equivalent weight of fungal hyphae.
The pioneering work completed by Anderson et al. [ 73], herein referred to as the Anderson method, suggested that the body mass of dinosaurs could be estimated using the measured scaling relationship between live mass and total circumference of the stylopodia (humerus + femur) derived from a sample of 33 species of extant terrestrial mammals.
