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Why are we surprised at the increase in the number of retracted research papers ("Fraud in the Scientific Literature," editorial, Oct. 6)?
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We excluded grey literature, editorials, comments, congress abstracts, letters, and similar.
But I'd rather divide up my writing to do creative literature and editorial protests at separate times".
On the other hand, studies were excluded according to the following criteria: (1) non-sepsis-related studies; (2) non-diagnostic studies; (3) non-original studies: e.g. literature review, editorial piece; (4) studies with no performance parameters given (i.e. sensitivity, specificity and 2 × 2 contingency tables); and (5) non-blood specimen.
Fifty-five per cent of journal articles and grey literature, excluding editorials, reported on multiple partnerships.
We included different types of scholarly articles in order to identify expert opinions and common themes about facilitators and barriers: any empirical research studies, such as expert interviews or surveys that examined barriers and facilitators in the implementation of a measure to reduce publication bias, narrative literature reviews, editorials, commentaries, and letters to the editor.
JAS: Concept of the editorial, literature review, preparation of editorial and revision The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/12/107/prepub This material is the result of work supported by the resources and the use of facilities at the Birmingham VA Medical Center, Alabama, USA.
These included observational studies, practice guidelines, literature reviews and editorials.
In terms of exclusion criteria, all qualitative studies, commentaries, editorials, literature reviews, and conference proceedings were excluded from this review.
LG contributed to the literature review and provided editorial support.
This was combined with a manual medical literature search, along key editorial themes subjectively selected for this issue.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com