If it should be construed literally, the word 'wilfully' would embrace all injuries intended to follow from the parties' acts, although they were intended only as the necessary means to ulterior gain for the parties themselves.
Despite his cautioning that Nielsen's numbers are "estimates" that "should not be construed literally," Gary Holmes, a spokesman, said the company lacks "the resources" to calculate the margin of error on the "hundreds of rating numbers a week" it provides to The Times and other media outlets.
Traditionally, instrumentalists maintain that terms for unobservables, by themselves, have no meaning; construed literally, statements involving them are not even candidates for truth or falsity.
According to realism, claims about scientific entities, processes, properties, and relations, whether they be observable or unobservable, should be construed literally as having truth values, whether true or false.
It is often claimed that, since the notion of mind-independent existence is obscure, metaphysical realism is best cast as a thesis about discourse or theories: sentences in some discourse or theory are to be construed literally as fact-stating ones.
Other projects involve using evolutionary biology to try to undermine traditional moral realism the view that moral judgments can be true (accurately representing moral facts) when construed literally, that their truth does not depend on our evaluative attitudes, and that we can know at least some of these truths.
Courts have interpreted § 1001 and the perjury law similarly as requiring proof that the statement was completely false, so that there is no way it could be construed as literally true even if intended to be misleading.
But people close to Snyder said the team's owner felt vindicated when City Paper's publisher, Amy Austin, acknowledged in a story published in April that one aspect of the story was not meant to be construed as literally true.
One natural suggestion is that experimental mathematics involves performing mathematical experiments, where the term "experiment" here is construed as literally as possible.
And although more specific arguments will be considered shortly, it also has seemed more or less undeniable to many philosophers that physical objects, at least as commonsensically construed, are not themselves literally part of that conscious experiential content, even though they are depicted or represented by various aspects of it.
Whether the charge under § 44.09(b) comprehends failure to comply with all of the conditions of Article 4 or only some of them, and if the latter which ones, depends on whether the omnibus clause is to be literally applied, disregarded entirely, 46 or possibly construed in some modified way involving neither of these extremes.
