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As shown in Fig. 5, the heat pipe was represented by a 2D horizontal column (2.25 m in length and 0.2 m in diameter) of porous media, which was partially saturated with a liquid phase saturation value of 0.7 at the beginning.
Confirmation of the liquid phase saturation was made through a comparison of the experimentally measured liquid temperature with the calculated bubble point temperature.
Liquid phase saturation, %.
where S le is the effective liquid phase saturation, referred to Eq. 58.
Fig. 6 Evolution of (a) temperature and (b) liquid phase saturation over the whole domain at different time.
Similarly, in a single gas phase scenario, the liquid phase does not exist, i.e., the gas phase saturation S always equals to 1, whereas the liquid phase saturation remains zero.
Similar(51)
For instance, in the two phase region, liquid phase pressure and saturation are commonly chosen as the primary variables; whereas in the single gas or liquid phase region, the saturation of the missing phase will be substituted by the concentration or mass fraction of one light component.
Since the pore space should be fully occupied by either or both the gas and liquid phases, the sum of phase saturation should equal to one.
Fig. 3 Evolution of pressure and saturation over time Fig. 4 Evolution of (a) gas phase saturation, (b) liquid phase pressure, and (c) total hydrogen molar fraction over the whole domain at different time.
The removed bubbles were replaced by liquid phase resulting in higher liquid saturation values as complete segregation state was approached.
The results show that inlet substrate concentration, inlet velocity, growth and half saturation constants and liquid phase mass transfer coefficients significantly control the operational dynamics.
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