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At an increased temperature, the density and viscosity of the liquid decreased resulting in less co-moved mass by the cantilever, hence the resonance frequency increased.
Results showed that the degradation rates of porous materials increased while pH values of degradation liquid decreased, which was proportional to the degree of oxidation.
Lowering the surface tension and increasing the density of liquid decreased the bubble Sauter mean diameter and therefore the total gas liquid interfacial area a was increased.
Aromatic compounds in the liquid decreased significantly the HDS rate of 4,6-DMDBT, especially for catalysts with high hydrogenation activity.
It was indicated that the pH of recycling liquid decreased with the increasing of cycle numbers, which led to the constant enhancement of the pretreatment efficiency as approximately 60% hemicellulose and 50% lignin degradation as well as more than 80% cellulose reserved.
The development of the TPPB model led to the following findings: (i) 5% (v/v) ionic liquid fraction caused less cell deactivation; (ii) presence of ionic liquid decreased the oxygen transport rate; and (iii) a higher oxygen transport rate lead to a higher bioconversion but also cell inactivation.
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Upon further heating, the viscosity of the liquid decreases gradually to a minimum at about 157 °C, but then rapidly increases, reaching a maximum value at about 187 °C; between this temperature and the boiling point of 444.6 °C, the viscosity decreases.
Existence of the particles and vapor in a liquid decreases the ultrasonic intensity threshold required for cavitation onset.
In this case, the chip allows child scientists to manipulate nanoliters of liquid, decreasing the impact of dangerous chemicals.
The ionic conductivity of the polymerized ionic liquids decreased by both the addition of lithium bis trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and the polymerization in the presence of cross-linker.
During ten days of aerobic biodegradation, glucose was totally consumed, whereas the concentration of ionic liquids decreased only slightly below the initial value 100 mg l−1.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com