Furthermore, blood group antigen genes involved in post translational protein modification and resulting in differentiated glycan fingerprints have been linked to pathogen driven selection in humans [6].
NBS loci linked to pathogen resistance (R) genes actively used in breeding (Van der Linden et al. 2004).
Pti proteins Pti4/5/6 are known to interact with Pto Kinase that is directly linked to pathogen response, as this is how they were originally identified [ 12].
The flagelliform silk protein was identified previously in tick and orb weaving spider salivary glands but its function was not linked to pathogen infection [ 26- 28].
It is also possible that the CRF domain may be connected to pathogen resistance, as two (non Arabidopsis) CRF domain genes, Pti6 from tomato and Tsi1 from tobacco, have been linked to pathogen resistance in gene overexpression studies [ 12- 14].
Sixteen of the genes encode protein kinases, some experimentally linked to pathogen responses (e.g., CRK5); 10 other genes are involved in disease resistance, response and signaling (cellulase, expansin, six disease resistance proteins, calmodulin- and cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins).
In the far term, having rich clinical data linked to pathogen genotypes will permit predictions of prognosis, virulence, and drug susceptibility for active infections once NGS data are available.
In addition, the expression of genes encoding key enzymes in the pentose-phosphate pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were strongly linked to pathogen treatment.
Phylogenetic profiling confirms what was also noted in previous studies, namely that the functionality of protein families with a larger gene copy number in extant pathogens is linked to pathogenicity.
