Linked branch support for the entire set of eight clades is therefore +2.
Further PAUP* searches with "anti-constraints" enforced were used to estimate linked branch support for particular groups of nodes.
We used three different approaches to describe the stability of our phylogenetic results: branch support [57], linked branch support [58], and selective removal of taxa and characters (see Materials and Methods).
Branch support [57] was used as a measure of nodal stability for all groups resolved in the strict consensus of minimum length trees, and linked branch support [58] was estimated to summarize the interdependence of character support for multiple nodes supported by the total evidence.
Linked branch support for a particular set of supported clades can be defined as the length of the shortest tree that does not include any of those clades, minus the length of the shortest tree that includes all of those clades [58].
The activity of glycogen phosphorylase, however, comes to a halt when it approaches an α(1 6) linked branch point four units away.
The Pfam database (http://pfam.sanger.ac.uk/) identifies this as an N-isoamylase domain, a noncatalytic domain mainly found in enzymes that metabolize the α1→6 linked branch points in starch and glycogen.
First, we established data partitions for each alignments using a greedy search in PartitionFinder v1.0.1 (Lanfear et al. 2012), with linked branch lengths, constraining the models of evolution to those available in RAxML, and using AICc for model selection (a measure of AIC corrected for small sample sizes, Hurvich and Tsai 1989).
About 50% of 1,5-linked arabinosyl residues in the main chain are substituted by 1,3 or 1,2 linked arabinofuranosyl branches".
Oats and barley contain (1,3)(1,4 -β-D-glucans (Webster and Wood 201,4 -β-D-glucansal β-glucans are (1,4 -β-D-glucans branches at the (1,4 -β-D-glucanshen and Raymond 2008).
