Segregation line was set at linkage distance 0.95.
Dlink/Dmax represents the quotient between the linkage distances for a particular case divided by the maximal linkage distance.
In cluster 3 both pH and DO are slightly different from the other cluster members, as depicted by its long linkage distance.
The linkage distance amongst the parameters was measured in terms of squared euclidean distance (and the clustering method chosen was Ward's method.
PCA was performed by the Ward's method was used to extract data and the linkage distance of similarity was calculated by the squared Euclidean distances.
CA was formulated according to the Ward-algorithmic method, and the rescaled linkage distance was employed for measuring the distance between clusters of similar metal contents.
Using the linkage distance, the spatial variability of groundwater quality for the study area was determined from cluster analysis, which is reported as Dlink/Dmax.
To standardize the linkage distance, which is represented on the y-axis, the quotient is then multiplied by 100 (Simeonov et al. 2003; Singh et al. 2005).
The seasonal variability of water quality sampling locations is determined from CA, using the linkage distance, reported as (D link/D max) × 100, which represents the quotient between the linkage distances for a particular case divided by the maximal linkage distance.
Each merge operation is represented by a line joining the two underlying clusters, with the y position of the line representing the linkage distance for that pair, as defined by Eq. (6).
Jairin et al. (2007a, b) mapped the Bph3 gene from Rathu Heenati on the short arm of chromosome 6 between two flanking markers, RM589 and RM586, at a linkage distance of 0.9 cM and 1.4 cM, respectively.
