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Even in the most recent period, the linkage algorithm used NHS number, sex, date of birth, postcode, and date of death, and it is known to be imperfect.
We feel that it is a natural progression from the study by Wang et al. (2004) to investigate how the linkage algorithm used in EST clustering influences Type I and Type II error rates.
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A stepwise deterministic record linkage algorithm using the SLK-581 and additional information on area of residence and date of death has been shown to identify links with a positive predictive value of 99.7% and a sensitivity of 98.5% when compared with a probabilistic record linkage approach [ 2].
This was also true for a set of 1012 bacterial sequences of the single copy recA gene, which validates the single-linkage algorithms used in the two programs (data not shown).
This study uses a clinical data set from UK hospitals, with the same identifiers available in HES and an independent reference standard patient ID to illustrate the linkage errors that arise when applying the HES linkage and pseudonymisation algorithm used to link national HES data for the NHS in England.
We included the unlinked deaths using a pragmatic linkage algorithm and used Poisson regression models to account for changes in Swiss Federal Statistical Office SFSOO) coding of causes of death.
Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis with the Euclidean distance and complete linkage algorithm was used to create a heatmap with associated dendrogram.
After finding similarity measurements between pathways, the linkage algorithm is used to link pairs of pathways to form a hierarchical cluster tree.
Hierarchical clustering was performed using a complete linkage algorithm and using m ij = max l,m )=1… N (k lm) − k ij as metrics, where N is the total number of experimental conditions to be compared, and k ij is the number of genes in the intersection when comparing the i-th experimental condition to the j-th experimental condition.
The hierarchical cluster algorithm used daverage linkage (Cluster 3.0) clustering of the genes identified by SAM with Euclidian distance and averaged linkage method.
Correlation (centred) similarity matrix and average linkage algorithms were used in the cluster analysis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com